Frequently Asked Questions

If you're reading this, you're already in the right place! We are happy to guide you through the process of finding the handpan that is right for you from start to finish. There will undoubtedly be many questions about the instrument and its purchase. In this section we aim to answer all possible questions, especially the most frequently asked questions that will provide a lot of clarity. Should you nevertheless still have questions, please contact us via email, and we will get back to you as soon as possible.

Chances are you've come across this instrument on the Internet, YouTube, social media or perhaps you've seen someone playing it on the street. Probably your first thought was, "What kind of instrument is this? The handpan is the newest full-sized instrument developed over the past few centuries. Known for its unique and mesmerizing sound, it has grown in popularity worldwide since the beginning of the 21st century. Here are some characteristics of the handpan that describe the instrument:

Appearance: A hand pan consists of two inverted bowls with a bulge/hollowing. Many people would describe it as a UFO or two wok pans stacked on top of each other. Typically, it has a diameter of about 20-24 inches (50-60 cm) and is 6-10 inches (15-25 cm) high. As of 2024, much smaller models will also appear on the market. The instrument is usually made of stainless steel and has several nuts and convex zones (dimples) across its surface.

Sound: Handpans have an average of 8 to 12 notes (tones) that are carefully tuned. The sound is rich, warm and melodic, with a sustained and resonant sound. The tones of the handpan can serve as the basis for melodies and harmonies.

Playing technique: Handpans are played with the hands by tapping on the different notes or hitting them gently. They can be played by beginners and experienced musicians alike and are relatively easy to learn.

Applications: Handpans are often used for meditative and spiritual music, but the instrument is also gaining popularity in various musical genres, such as world, folk and contemporary music. Its versatile nature makes it suitable for a variety of musical applications.

The handpan consists of two steel shells glued together. In the early years, the instrument was made of nitrided steel. This type of steel undergoes treatment with specific chemicals, making it less likely to rust and stable in tuning. In more recent years, stainless steel has gained popularity, and today most hand pans are made of stainless steel. Apart from its reduced susceptibility to rust, stainless steel offers a finer and more pleasant sound. The instrument is easier to play because the sound reverberates longer and the handpan resonates more. Even small, detailed percussive attacks, such as with the knuckles or slaps with the fingers, reverberate and resonate more while playing. Nitrated handpans are now often only made to order at most makers. This is especially suitable for people who like to play fast or prefer less reverb.

The handpan is a relatively new instrument and was only developed in the early 21st century. The origins of the handpan can be traced to the so-called "Hang," which was introduced in 2000 by the Swiss company PANArt. The Hang is considered the forerunner of the handpan and was the first instrument to have the characteristic bowl shape and sound. Since then, the handpan has evolved and there are several makers around the world producing unique handpans with variations in design, sound and material. So although the handpan is a recent addition to the musical world, it has quickly gained popularity and is played worldwide in various musical genres.

The handpan is an acoustic instrument, meaning it produces sound without amplification. As described earlier, the handpan consists of two steel shells that are glued together and serve as a sound box. These shells have a top and bottom. On the top are hammered in tone fields that correspond to notes, similar to those on a piano or guitar. The essential point is that a note on a hand pan is not substantially different from a note on a piano.

Sound is defined as vibrations in the air at a specific speed. These vibrations are perceived by our ears, and our brain translates the speed of the vibration into the pitch of the sound, or note. On the handpan, each note has a unique size, with the size determining the speed of vibration after touch, and thus the height or lowness of the note. Compare this to speakers, where large subwoofers produce low notes and small speakers are responsible for high notes.

A special aspect of the handpan is that the notes are oval. This means that the vibration is different in length than in width. During the tuning process, it is crucial that these frequencies come together harmoniously. Moreover, each note is composed of a basic tone and two other tones, which gives the instrument a full sound. The dent in the center of each tone field, also called a dimple, adds stability to the note. At the bottom is a hole called the "Gu," which is responsible for producing the sub-sound or low sound of the hand pan.

The top scale of a hand pan has a note on top that we call the "Ding." This note is almost always the same as the "root-key," or scale note. For example, a D minor handpan usually has a D note as the Ding, while an E minor handpan has an E note as the Ding. A minimum of 7 other notes are placed around the Ding (with some exceptions). The notes run crosswise from low to high, starting with the Ding.

On a standard handpan, notes are placed only on the upper scale. Nevertheless, it is possible to add notes on the lower scale. In our experience, the first few years we played without notes on the lower scale, but now we don't want to play without them. The addition of low notes on the lower scale provides the opportunity to create deeper layers and chords. Adding high notes on the lower scale again creates room for more melodic playing. This combination of notes on both the upper and lower scales enriches the musical possibilities of the handpan.

The production of a handpan is an extremely intricate and complex process where craft, knowledge and patience come together to create an extraordinary product. While it is not possible to go in depth into all the techniques, we can describe the process to some extent:

1. Choice of key.
2. Determination of the number of notes on the upper and lower scales.
3. Draw the notes and their shape on the trays.
4. Pressing the dimples into the nuts with a high-pressure press.
5. Flatten the drawn tone fields with a hydraulic/high pressure hammer.
6. Manual note tuning.
7. Hardening of the steel and creation of stability by placing the hand pan in the furnace.
8. Detuning due to time in oven; this requires repeated retuning (usually 2 or more times).
9. Glue the shells together and a final round of voting to complete the process.

The top scale of a hand pan has a note on top that we call the "Ding." This note is almost always the same as the "root-key," or scale note. For example, a D minor handpan usually has a D note as the Ding, while an E minor handpan has an E note as the Ding. A minimum of 7 other notes are placed around the Ding (with some exceptions). The notes run crosswise from low to high, starting with the Ding.

On a standard handpan, notes are placed only on the upper scale. Nevertheless, it is possible to add notes on the lower scale. In our experience, the first few years we played without notes on the lower scale, but now we don't want to play without them. The addition of low notes on the lower scale provides the opportunity to create deeper layers and chords. Adding high notes on the lower scale again creates room for more melodic playing. This combination of notes on both the upper and lower scales enriches the musical possibilities of the handpan.

Hand pans are available online as low as €300, but the price can quickly reach €1500 or more, with outliers as high as €5500. The key question that should be asked here is why quality handpans have such a high price tag. We ourselves once ordered a €300 handpan online out of curiosity, but the experience was disappointing. The handpan turned out to be fake and could not be tuned, making it a waste of money.

Quality handpans typically start at around €1299.95, such as the entry-level model from Handpan Studio Amsterdam. Handpan Studio's Boutique Series starts at €1799.95.

Below we describe some of the factors that contribute to the high cost of quality hand pans:

• Artisan production:Hand pans are handmade by skilled artisans, with every detail of the production process requiring a lot of time and attention.
• Time-intensive tuning: Tuning each tone on the handpan is a precise and time-consuming process that can take hours to days.
• Small production volume: Hand pans are produced in limited quantities, which combined with labor intensity drives up the price.
• Small number of specialized makers: There are only a few talented handpan makers worldwide, often with waiting lists and high demand for their instruments.
• Imported products: For those outside the region where hand pans are made, additional costs such as import duties and shipping costs are added, further increasing the total price.

In summary, the combination of craftsmanship, high-quality materials, time-intensive production, unique designs and the growing demand for these unique instruments contribute to the high price of a handpan.

A frequently asked question is, "How do I choose a handpan and what should I look for?" Our initial advice is: follow your heart, listen and feel; which handpan evokes which feelings in you? If a handpan really makes your heart beat faster, we advise you to put this particular instrument at the top of your list of choices! In addition, we also give specific advice on the playing possibilities and style options that this handpan entails.

There are many different scales and keys, and to better understand this, we will explain it as simply as possible in the next section:

Music theory in a nutshell:

We believe that you choose a handpan with your ears and your heart, not your head. Nevertheless, we think it's important that you understand how a handpan works, especially with regard to the different keys and the possibilities they bring.

Different Stages and Octaves:

Imagine a piano with 12 steps up and down, each step as a musical note. An "octave" is the distance between two of the same notes, such as C3 to C4.
The steps include both the white and black keys on the piano. The black keys add nuances to music and play an important role in understanding different scales.
Pentatonic Scale:

In the "pentatonic scale," you select only 5 steps out of 12 within one octave, which gives a wonderful and dreamy feeling.
Hexatonic Scale:

For example, with the "hexatonic scale" you use 6 of the 12 steps within one octave, which sounds good but may lack the magical feel of the pentatonic scale.
Diatonic Scale:

In the "diatonic scale," you use all 7 white keys within one octave, allowing you to create complex and harmonious compositions.
Octaves and Choose Your Scale:

The concept of octaves is essential. When you choose a scale, you can repeat it in higher or lower octaves for a broader sound. Choosing your scale depends on what levels you want to experience in your music.
Feel and Discover:

It's all about feeling and discovering which levels appeal to you the most. Listen to different "steps" (pieces of music), try different scales and find the combination that appeals to you the most.

A frequently asked question is, "How do I choose a handpan and what should I look for?" Our initial advice is: follow your heart, listen and feel; which handpan evokes which feelings in you? If a handpan really makes your heart beat faster, we advise you to put this particular instrument at the top of your list of choices! In addition, we also give specific advice on the playing possibilities and style options that this handpan entails.

There are many different scales and keys, and to better understand this, we will explain it as simply as possible in the next section:

Music theory in a nutshell:

We believe that you choose a handpan with your ears and your heart, not your head. Nevertheless, we think it's important that you understand how a handpan works, especially with regard to the different keys and the possibilities they bring.

Different Stages and Octaves:

Imagine a piano with 12 steps up and down, each step as a musical note. An "octave" is the distance between two of the same notes, such as C3 to C4.
The steps include both the white and black keys on the piano. The black keys add nuances to music and play an important role in understanding different scales.
Pentatonic Scale:

In the "pentatonic scale," you select only 5 steps out of 12 within one octave, which gives a wonderful and dreamy feeling.
Hexatonic Scale:

For example, with the "hexatonic scale" you use 6 of the 12 steps within one octave, which sounds good but may lack the magical feel of the pentatonic scale.
Diatonic Scale:

In the "diatonic scale," you use all 7 white keys within one octave, allowing you to create complex and harmonious compositions.
Octaves and Choose Your Scale:

The concept of octaves is essential. When you choose a scale, you can repeat it in higher or lower octaves for a broader sound. Choosing your scale depends on what levels you want to experience in your music.
Feel and Discover:

It's all about feeling and discovering which levels appeal to you the most. Listen to different "steps" (pieces of music), try different scales and find the combination that appeals to you the most.

There are many different types of handpans. Basically, any combination of notes can be placed on the handpan, although some combinations may make more sense than others. Some of the most popular keys are: D Kurd, D Ashakiran, D Celtic/Amara, C# Pygmy, F# Pygmy, B Kurd, B Celtic/Amara.

There are some limitations to consider when building hand pans:

In general, hand pans do not go lower than E2, as notes below this pitch are difficult to make and are associated with higher costs and a greater risk of production errors. In our production, we use a lower limit of A2. Similarly, we avoid notes higher than G5, as this negatively affects the quality of the sound.
A physical phenomenon causes handpans with a diameter of 52 cm to have a "problem note," such as the Bb. Makers avoid notes such as Bb4 because of the impact on sound quality. With changes in diameter, the problem note shifts up or down.
There is a limit to the number of notes that can be placed because of the space required between them to avoid unwanted activation. Dissonant activation can occur if the notes do not go together properly.
In short, this information provides a good understanding of the technical aspects and limitations in making hand pans.

Although learning to play a handpan is a rewarding experience, but it does indeed require patience and dedication. Here are some steps to learn to play handpan:

Explore online resources: There are plenty of online tutorials, videos and resources available to get you started. Start by understanding the basics, such as holding the hand pan and different playing techniques.

Consider lessons: If you are serious about learning handpan, it may be helpful to take lessons from an experienced instructor. They can give you personal guidance and feedback to improve your game.

Practice regularly: As with any musical instrument, consistent practice is crucial for progress. Take time daily or weekly to practice and experiment with different melodies and rhythms.

Play along with music: Try using familiar songs or backing tracks to play along with music. This will help you develop your timing and rhythmic skills.

Explore different styles: Handpan can be used in different styles of music, from meditative and relaxing melodies to more rhythmic and exhilarating music. Explore different styles to discover what suits you best.

Be patient: It may take some time before you become comfortable with the instrument and can play more complex melodies. Stay patient and enjoy the learning process.

Join the community: Join handpan player communities, both online and locally. This allows you to exchange experiences and tips and play with others.

Remember that handpan playing is at its core about fun, creativity and self-expression. Whether you are a beginner or already have some experience, continue to enjoy the process and allow your passion for music to flourish.

Playing handpan can seem difficult for some people at first, but it is certainly achievable with practice and dedication. It also depends on your musical background and skills. Here are some factors to consider:

• A. No prior knowledge required: Unlike some other musical instruments, you do not need any prior musical knowledge to play handpan. This makes it accessible to beginners.
• B. Learning curve: Learning the handpan requires some practice to master the different playing techniques and hand positions. It takes patience to become familiar with the instrument and the sounds you can get out of it.
• C. Independence of hands: Handpans usually have different tonal pitches, and you will find that you need to be able to use both hands independently to play chords and melodies.
• D. Musicality: The ability to create a melody and maintain rhythm is important. While musical experience can be helpful, you can also develop these skills while learning the handpan.
• E. Practice: As with any instrument, handpans require consistent practice to improve your skills. Practicing daily, even if only briefly, can significantly improve your playing.
• F. Lessons and tutorials: There are online tutorials, videos and instructional books available that can help you learn the handpan. Taking classes, whether online or in person, can shorten the learning curve.
• G. Personal motivation: Most important is your own motivation and passion for the instrument. If you are passionate about playing handpan, you are likely to be willing to take on challenges and keep practicing.

Ultimately, it depends on you and how much time and effort you are willing to invest. With patience and practice, you can enjoy playing the handpan and create unique, soothing melodies. It is a very rewarding experience for those who dedicate themselves to it.

Some common playing techniques on a handpan include "tapping," "rolling," "hammering," and "flam" strokes. Each technique produces different tones and sounds, allowing you to create a wide range of melodies.

To keep your handpan in good condition, it is important to take care of the instrument. Should stains be visible then we recommend cleaning your handpan with oil, how to read in the next point. Dust can't do any damage but it is a sign that you need to play more often! Dust the handpan, play and enjoy! Store the instrument in a dry place to prevent rust. Should you be in a damp place we recommend oiling the handpan more often than usual.

Yes, you can play outside, but avoid rain and extreme temperatures. Direct sunlight is especially dangerous! Realize that steel expands at warmer temperatures. The summer sun can soon cause steel to expand. The hand pan becomes incredibly hot and detuned at the same time. If this does happen remove the instrument from the sun as soon as possible and allow it to cool. In most cases the instrument goes back to original well-tuned tuning. In the worst cases (for example if the instrument has been left in the sun in front of the window all day) the instrument will not return to original tuning and you will have to have the instrument tuned by us or another tuner.

Be careful when placing the handpan on hard surfaces. Always use a soft surface or a handpan stand to avoid dents and scratches. The pebbles and sand that often light invisibly on the ground is a cause of common scratches at the bottom of the handpan around the GU. You will also hear a nasty sound when you put the handpan on the ground. KGGGG. You'd rather not have this!

Always choose Handpan Studio!.... Just kidding 😉

But here are some serious steps to help you find the handpan that's perfect for you:

1. Listen and Experience: Start by listening to different handpans and experiencing how they sound. This can be done online via videos or even better, in person at a handpan player or maker's home. Get inspired by the different sounds and melodies.
2. Playability: Try playing different handpans yourself. Pay attention to playability, how the notes respond to your touch and whether it feels comfortable while playing. Find out which handpan best suits your playing style.
3. Key and Sound: Consider the key that matches your musical preference. Each key conveys a unique emotion. Choose a handpan with a sound that resonates with the mood you want to create.
4. Construction Quality: Study the construction quality of the handpan. Pay attention to materials, workmanship and craftsmanship. A well-made handpan affects both durability and sound quality.
5. Price and Budget: Determine your budget and search within that range. Hand prices vary, so be realistic about what you are willing to invest. Sometimes it's worth spending a little more for better quality.
6. Expert Advice: Consult handpan experts, creators or experienced players for advice. They can share valuable insights and guide you to options that fit your needs.
7. Personal Connection: Don't just be guided by specifications. Go by your personal connection to the handpan. If a particular handpan touches and inspires you, that is often a sign that it is the right choice.
8. Warranty and Support: Check whether the handpan comes with a warranty and what support the maker offers. A good warranty and customer service are important for the long term.

Additional Tip: If possible, we recommend coming in person to listen to and choose a handpan. If that is not feasible, always buy from a reputable store or from the builder himself. This has several advantages. You can always go back for retuning, the builder knows how the handpan is built and can therefore tune it optimally.

Handpan prices vary widely, but expect to pay between $1000 and $3000 for a quality instrument. Beware of overly cheap handpans, as they may be of low quality.

Buying a used handpan can be a consideration, but there are some important points to keep in mind:

Reputable Brand Important: When used, it is smart to go for a reputable brand. Unbranded, unknown or cheap handpans from undisclosed places (especially those appearing on Marketplace), may be of unknown quality.
Quality and Construction Method: Many unknown and cheap handpans are sometimes built in an unconventional way, which makes it difficult for experienced builders to tune them properly. The method of construction affects sound quality.
Risk of Untunability and Tuning Costs: Cheap can sometimes be expensive. Cheap handpans can be difficult to tune, and many makers are reluctant to tune them because of the difficulty. If they do it at all, it can be quite expensive.
Invest Wisely: While the low price may be tempting, it is smarter to invest in a quality instrument, even if it is new. This will ultimately save hassles and additional costs.

In short, careful research is necessary, especially with second-hand purchases, to ensure that the handpan meets expectations.